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Sacral nerve stimulation for low anterior resection syndrome

Sacral nerve stimulation for low anterior resection syndrome
Study Number of patients undergoing temporary stimulation Number of patients undergoing permanent stimulation Percentage (%) Follow-up
Matzel 2002 1 1 100 18 months
Ratto 2005 4 4 100 19 months
Jarrett 2005 3 2 66 12 months
Melenhorst 2007 3 0 0 Not applicable
Holzer 2008 8 7 87 32 months
Tjandra 2008 3 3 100 12 months
de Miguel 2011 15 7 46 12 months
Moya 2012 4 4 100 Not available
Schwandner 2013 9 9 100 12 months
Mege 2017 8 7 87 18 months
Eftaiha 2017 12 10 83 19 months
D'Hondt 2017 15 11 73 9 months
Mizrahi 2017 6 3 50 28 months
Croese 2018 12 12 100 34 months
Schiano di Visconte 2018 4 4 100 24 months
Total 107 84 78  
Sacral nerve stimulation involves placement of a temporary electrode into the sacral foramen to provide low-grade electrical stimulation. Patients who respond to a two-week trial with a temporary electrode then undergo placement of a permanent electrode connected to a generator embedded subcutaneously. Sacral nerve stimulation has been shown to improve fecal incontinence and the ability to defer defecation in patients with low anterior resection syndrome.
References:
  1. Matzel KE, Stadelmaier U, Bittorf B, et al. Bilateral sacral spinal nerve stimulation for fecal incontinence after low anterior rectum resection. Int J Colorectal Dis 2002; 17:430.
  2. Ratto C, Grillo E, Parello A, et al. Sacral neuromodulation in treatment of fecal incontinence following anterior resection and chemoradiation for rectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 2005; 48:1027.
  3. Jarrett ME, Matzel KE, Stösser M, et al. Sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence following a rectosigmoid resection for colorectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 2005; 20:446.
  4. Melenhorst J, Koch SM, Uludag O, et al. Sacral neuromodulation in patients with faecal incontinence: Results of the first 100 permanent implantations. Colorectal Dis 2007; 9:725.
  5. Holzer B, Rosen HR, Zaglmaier W. Sacral nerve stimulation in patients after rectal resection--preliminary report. J Gastrointest Surg 2008; 12:921.
  6. Tjandra JJ, Chan MK, Yeh CH, Murray-Green C. Sacral nerve stimulation is more effective than optimal medical therapy for severe fecal incontinence: A randomized, controlled study. Dis Colon Rectum 2008; 51:494.
  7. de Miguel M, Oteiza F, Ciga MA, et al. Sacral nerve stimulation for the treatment of faecal incontinence following low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 2011; 13:72.
  8. Moya P, Arroyo A, Soriano-Irigaray L, et al. Sacral nerve stimulation in patients with severe fecal incontinence after rectal resection. Tech Coloproctol 2012; 16:263.
  9. Schwandner O. Sacral neuromodulation for fecal incontinence and "low anterior resection syndrome" following neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 2013; 28:665.
  10. Mege D, Meurette G, Vitton V, et al. Sacral nerve stimulation can alleviate symptoms of bowel dysfunction after colorectal resections. Colorectal Dis 2017; 19:756.
  11. Eftaiha SM, Balachandran B, Marecik SJ, et al. Sacral nerve stimulation can be an effective treatment for low anterior resection syndrome. Colorectal Dis 2017; 19:927.
  12. D'Hondt M, Nuytens F, Kinget L, et al. Sacral neurostimulation for low anterior resection syndrome after radical resection for rectal cancer: Evaluation of treatment with the LARS score. Tech Coloproctol 2017; 21:301.
  13. Mizrahi I, Chadi SA, Haim N, et al. Sacral neuromodulation for the treatment of faecal incontinence following proctectomy. Colorectal Dis 2017; 19:O145.
  14. Croese AD, Whiting S, Vangaveti VN, Ho YH. Using sacral nerve modulation to improve continence and quality of life in patients suffering from low anterior resection syndrome. ANZ J Surg 2018; 88:E787.
  15. Schiano di Visconte M, Santoro GA, Cracco N, et al. Effectiveness of sacral nerve stimulation in fecal incontinence after multimodal oncologic treatment for pelvic malignancies: A multicenter study with 2-year follow-up. Tech Coloproctol 2018; 22:97.
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