Risk engines for prediction of atherosclerotic CVD events in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus

Risk engine	Patients	Variables
UKPDS	Type 2 diabetes	Age at diagnosis of diabetes Sex Afro-Caribbean ethnicity Smoking HbA1c Systolic blood pressure Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio Diabetes duration
Swedish NDR	Type 1 diabetes	Age at diagnosis of diabetes Smoking HbA1c Systolic blood pressure Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio Diabetes duration Macroalbuminuria Previous CVD
Steno Risk Engine	Type 1 diabetes	Age Sex Smoking HbA1c Systolic blood pressure LDL cholesterol Diabetes duration Albuminuria Glomerular filtration rate Exercise

CVD: cardiovascular disease; UKPDS: UK Prospective Diabetes Study; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; NDR: National Diabetes Registry; LDL: low-density lipoprotein.

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