Your activity: 2 p.v.

Risk of Paradoxical Embolism (RoPE) score

Risk of Paradoxical Embolism (RoPE) score
Characteristic Points RoPE score
No history of hypertension 1  
No history of diabetes 1  
No history of stroke or TIA 1  
Nonsmoker 1  
Cortical infarct on imaging 1  
Age, years
18 to 29 5  
30 to 39 4  
40 to 49 3  
50 to 59 2  
60 to 69 1  
≥70 0  
Total score (sum of individual points)
Maximum score (a patient <30 years with no hypertension, no diabetes, no history of stroke or TIA, nonsmoker, and cortical infarct)   10
Minimum score (a patient ≥70 years with hypertension, diabetes, prior stroke, current smoker, and no cortical infarct)   0
TIA: transient ischemic attack.
From: Kent DM, Ruthazer R, Weimar C, et al. An index to identify stroke-related vs incidental patent foramen ovale in cryptogenic stroke. Neurology 2013; 81:619. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a08d59. Reproduced with permission from Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Neurology. Unauthorized reproduction of this material is prohibited.
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