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Major adverse effects associated with systemic glucocorticoid therapy*

Major adverse effects associated with systemic glucocorticoid therapy*
Dermatologic and appearance
Skin thinning, purpura, and/or ecchymoses
Weight gain
Cushingoid appearance
Acne
Hirsutism
Facial erythema
Striae
Ophthalmologic
Posterior subcapsular cataract
Elevated intraocular pressure/glaucoma
Exophthalmos
Cardiovascular
Fluid retention
Hypertension
Premature arteriosclerosis
Arrhythmias
Perturbations of serum lipoproteins
Gastrointestinal
Gastritis
Peptic ulcer disease
Steatohepatitis
Visceral perforation
Bone and muscle
Osteoporosis
Avascular necrosis
Myopathy
Neuropsychiatric
Euphoria
Dysphoria/depression
Insomnia
Akathisia
Mania/psychosis
Pseudotumor cerebri
Metabolic and endocrine
Hyperglycemia
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal insufficiency
Immune system
Increased risk of infections
Hematologic
Leukocytosis
The risk of adverse effects is generally dose- and duration-dependent.
* High-dose inhaled glucocorticoid therapy can rarely cause systemic adverse effects. Refer to UpToDate content for information on local adverse effects of inhaled glucocorticoids
¶ Refer to UpToDate content on the effects of glucocorticoids on the immune system.
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