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Elements of care associated with quality of death and dying in the pediatric intensive care setting

Elements of care associated with quality of death and dying in the pediatric intensive care setting
Pain and symptom management
The child's pain is treated
Other troubling symptoms are treated
Clinical staff respond quickly to concerns about the child's symptoms
Communication
Clinical staff provide information in a way that can easily be understood
Clinical staff prepare caregivers/family members for what might happen to the child
Clinical staff inquire about and respect caregivers'/family members' wishes and decisions
Clinical staff create an atmosphere in which caregivers/family members feel comfortable asking questions about their child
Support of decisions to withdraw life-sustaining treatments
Caregivers/family members have opportunities to discuss options about the child's care with the healthcare team
Conflicts between caregivers/family members and clinical staff about the best way to care for the child are avoided
Privacy
Caregivers/family are given privacy with the child near the end of the child's life
Physical and instrumental needs of family
Caregivers/family members are able to easily meet their basic physical needs (accessible bathroom, showers, affordable meals, places to stay, parking, etc)
Emotional needs/support of family
Clinical staff demonstrate that they cared about the child as an individual
Clinical staff support the caregivers/family emotionally
Caregivers/family are given opportunities to be near their child
Fulfilling the parental role
Clinical staff help caregivers/family find ways to touch, hold, and/or connect with the child
Spirituality and religious/cultural issues
Hospital clergy and chaplains are available
Staff inquires about and respects the family's spiritual and/or religious needs
Continuity/coordination of care
Nurses and doctors pass information about the child onto the next shift or rotation
Grief and bereavement
Clinical staff help caregivers/family create memories (such as handprints, lockets of hair, photographs) of the child
Upon the child's death, the caregivers/family are allowed to stay with the child for as long as they wish
Original figure modified for this publication. Sellers DE, Dawson R, Cohen-Bearak A, et al. Measuring the quality of dying and death in the pediatric intensive care setting: The clinician PICU-QODD. J Pain Symptom Manage 2015; 49:66. Table used with the permission of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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