| Key steps to assess and manage thirst in ICU patients |
| 1. Conduct regular thirst assessments in patients able to self-report |
| 2. Examine the mouth and tongue for dryness and cracking or infection, as indicators of thirst/dryness |
| 3. Recognize the risk profile for patient thirst, including NPO status and administration of anticholinergic medications and opioids |
| 4. Assume that the patient is experiencing thirst |
| 5. Do frequent mouth care |
| 6. Use water-soaked gauzes, water sprays, and ice chips frequently when permissible |
| 7. Consider the use of artificial saliva |
| 8. Consider the use of heater humidifiers in patients with high-flow oxygen therapy |
| 9. Evaluate and document the effectiveness of the thirst interventions |
