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Causes of cough related to advanced cancer

Causes of cough related to advanced cancer
Direct effect of the tumor
Atelectasis
Esophagorespiratory fistula
Extrinsic or intrinsic airway obstruction
Lymphangitic carcinomatosis
Superior vena cava syndrome
Indirect effect of the tumor
Aspiration
Bronchiectasis
Pericardial effusion
Pleural effusion
Treatment-induced (radiotherapy, chemotherapy [especially bleomycin]) pneumonitis
Modified with permission from: Estfan B, LeGrand S. Management of cough in advanced cancer. J Support Oncol 2004; 2:523. Copyright © 2004 Frontline Medical Communications LLC.
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