| Primary snoring |
| Underlying pulmonary disease (eg, nocturnal desaturations, mucus impaction) |
| Sleep-related laryngospasm |
| Abnormal swallowing disorder |
| Panic attacks |
| Nocturnal asthma |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| Sleep-choking disorder |
| Nocturnal seizures |
| Insomnia (repetitive awakenings) |
